World Conference on Vaccine and Immunology

Vaccination has greatly improved human health. Despite of all improvements in this field, there is not an efficient vaccine for many diseases, and of the available ones, some could not produce a long-term immunity. The emergence of nanotechnology and its development has had a great influence on vaccine and its delivery systems. Recently, there have been many researches on the applicability of nano-structures as an efficient system for vaccine delivery, and the initial results have been promising. The main nano-particles used in vaccine delivery, including polymeric nano-particles, inorganic nano-particles, liposome, virus-like particles, and virosomes. Many polymeric nano-particles have been used for vaccine delivery, including gelatin, alginate hyaluronic acid and chitosan which the latter is the most used polymer in the field of vaccine formulations. Alginate-based nano-particles are another group of nano-particles that have attracted the attention of researchers for vaccine deliv

Scientist have clues to stop “aging clocks” that run concurrently. Emerging trends in medical field strive towards reverse aging. For reverse aging there is a pill which could extend our life span for years. It is like science fiction that a pill could extend but scientists are working to identify the cause of disease and counteract them. The current scenario for longer life believes in healthy food, Antibiotics and Vaccines. The activity of our cells slows down by ages and it leads to dangerous diseases. New clue which reverse our aging is by stem cells or shortening of telomeres. Shortening of telomeres will still have a larger effect than that of stem cells. Telomere is a Greek word in which telos means end and mere means part. Telomeres are the caps at the end of each strand DNA that protects our chromosomes. It is known to be essential part of human cells that affects how cells age. Telomere shortening which plays important role in cellular aging process and decreased bon

Antibodies are diagnostic tools in many formats. Antibodies that react with self-molecules and which occurs in healthy human beings  are termed as Natural antibodies or Autoimmunity .Alike antibodies this also provides with the self-defense against infections and diseases and also contribute to the stability of the Immune system. Auto antibodies are those which react with self-antigens. Those antigens are present in specific in organ  such as thyroid gland or all cell types such chromatin, centro-meres. It contains of proteins, nucleic acid, carbohydrates or combination of these. This gives basic information about mechanisms of loss of tolerance and inflammation in patients with autoimmune disorders. Natural Antibodies are those which binds exogenous antigen such as bacteria, virus and fungi and also binds nucleic acid, serum proteins, which also account for significant amount of Immunoglobulin’s in healthy individual. Since it is produced independently it is Auto antibodie

Normally vaccines are used to prevent diseases Scientists are working on something new called therapeutic vaccines, vaccinations that treat an illness after getting it.Therapeutic vaccines have ability to change any kind of medical treatment radically and treat all sorts of diseases HIV, Herpes, Alzheimer’s disease, Cancer. While Therapeutic vaccines are designed to treat the person after getting it that is by boosting the immune system. The number of diseases researchers hope to treat with therapeutic vaccines is enormous. Researchers have been looking for a therapeutic HIV vaccine for decades, but they have made some progress. Dealing with diseases like cancer, tumour cells are similar to that of normal healthy cells. Hence it is difficult for the therapeutic vaccines to distinguish between tumour and healthy cells. For some diseases like Alzheimer’s disease there is no preventive vaccine and hence therapeutic vaccines would be more feasible. In the future, therape

Vaccines have been an integral aspect of therapeutics, in recent years due to rapid advances in proteomics, genomics, biotechnology, and immunology and in related fields, it is fair to except vaccine development to prevent a number of infectious diseases and fatal diseases such as AIDS, malaria and hepatitis .Vaccines development faces major challenges both technologically and economically. Newer Vaccines can be administered using needle free systems since the needle borne diseases can be prevented also needle based delivery system requires trained personnel and sterile environment. Currently, various techniques involving DNA vaccines, adjuvants, micro particles and transgenic plants are being developed and evaluated. . Recent trends focus on the novel vaccine delivery systems and will explore the routes of vaccine administration. Newer vaccines which are excepted to be stable, economical. Genetic engineering has its rapid advances in vaccine technology and is now leadi